{"id":10458,"date":"2016-08-31T09:14:05","date_gmt":"2016-08-31T06:14:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/energosteel.com\/quality-standards-of-steel-grinding-balls\/"},"modified":"2025-12-30T16:31:40","modified_gmt":"2025-12-30T13:31:40","slug":"quality-standards-of-steel-grinding-balls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/energosteel.com\/pl\/quality-standards-of-steel-grinding-balls\/","title":{"rendered":"Normy jako\u015bci stalowych kul miel\u0105cych. Co stosowa\u0107: DSTU 3499-97 czy DSTU 8538:2015?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Z dniem 01.07.2016<\/strong> wszed\u0142 w \u017cycie nowy standard reguluj\u0105cy jako\u015b\u0107 kul miel\u0105cych \u2014 DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Aby zrozumie\u0107, jak zmieni\u0142y si\u0119 wymagania dotycz\u0105ce produkcji kul miel\u0105cych, zdecydowali\u015bmy si\u0119 przedstawi\u0107 je w tabeli por\u00f3wnawczej<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1.<\/strong> KLASYFIKACJA I WYMIARY<\/strong><\/td>\nDSTU 3499-97<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u015arednica znamionowa, mm<\/td>\n\u015arednica nominalna, mm<\/td>\nGraniczne odchy\u0142ki od \u015brednicy nominalnej, mm<\/td>\nObj\u0119to\u015b\u0107,<\/p>\n

\u0441m3<\/sup><\/td>\n

Masa,<\/p>\n

\u043a\u0433<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

15<\/p>\n

20<\/p>\n

25<\/td>\n

15,0<\/p>\n

20,0<\/p>\n

25,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 1,0<\/td>\n1,76<\/p>\n

4,18<\/p>\n

8,18<\/td>\n

0,014<\/p>\n

0,033<\/p>\n

0,064<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

30<\/p>\n

35<\/p>\n

40<\/p>\n

45<\/td>\n

31,5<\/p>\n

36,5<\/p>\n

41,5<\/p>\n

46,5<\/td>\n

\u00b1 2,0<\/td>\n16,4<\/p>\n

25,4<\/p>\n

37,4<\/p>\n

52,6<\/td>\n

0,128<\/p>\n

0,199<\/p>\n

0,294<\/p>\n

0,413<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

50<\/p>\n

60<\/p>\n

70<\/p>\n

80<\/td>\n

52,0<\/p>\n

62,0<\/p>\n

73,0<\/p>\n

83,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 3,0<\/td>\n74,0<\/p>\n

125,0<\/p>\n

204,0<\/p>\n

299,0<\/td>\n

0,580<\/p>\n

0,980<\/p>\n

1,600<\/p>\n

2,350<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

90<\/p>\n

100<\/td>\n

94,0<\/p>\n

104,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 4,0<\/td>\n435,0<\/p>\n

589,0<\/td>\n

3,410<\/p>\n

4,620<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

110<\/p>\n

120<\/td>\n

114,0<\/p>\n

125,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 5,0<\/td>\n776,0<\/p>\n

1023,0<\/td>\n

6,090<\/p>\n

8,030<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Uwaga: 1. Odchy\u0142ki kszta\u0142tu geometrycznego kuli nie mog\u0105 przekracza\u0107 granicznych odchy\u0142ek od \u015brednicy nominalnej.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uwaga: 2. Obliczenie obj\u0119to\u015bci i masy kuli wykonuje si\u0119 na podstawie warto\u015bci \u015brednicy nominalnej przy za\u0142o\u017ceniu g\u0119sto\u015bci stali 7,85 g\/cm3.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

Punkt 4<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tabela 1 bez danych obliczeniowych, kt\u00f3re przedstawiono w Za\u0142\u0105czniku A<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u015arednica znamionowa, mm<\/td>\n\u015arednica nominalna, mm<\/td>\nGraniczne odchy\u0142ki od \u015brednicy nominalnej, mm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/p>\n

20<\/p>\n

25<\/td>\n

15,0<\/p>\n

20,0<\/p>\n

25,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 1,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/p>\n

35<\/p>\n

40<\/p>\n

45<\/td>\n

31,5<\/p>\n

36,5<\/p>\n

41,5<\/p>\n

46,5<\/td>\n

\u00b1 2,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50<\/p>\n

60<\/p>\n

70<\/p>\n

80<\/td>\n

52,0<\/p>\n

62,0<\/p>\n

73,0<\/p>\n

83,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 3,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
90<\/p>\n

100<\/td>\n

94,0<\/p>\n

104,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 4,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110<\/p>\n

120<\/td>\n

114,0<\/p>\n

125,0<\/td>\n

\u00b1 5,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Uwaga. Parametry obliczeniowe \u2014 masa nominalna, pole powierzchni, obj\u0119to\u015b\u0107 oraz liczba kul na jedn\u0105 ton\u0119 \u2014 podano informacyjnie w Za\u0142\u0105czniku A.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

2.<\/strong> WYMAGANIA TECHNICZNE<\/strong><\/td>\nDSTU 3499-97<\/strong><\/p>\n

Twardo\u015b\u0107, Tabela 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00d8<\/td>\nGrupa twardo\u015bci<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Twardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\n\u00bd R<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 obj\u0119to\u015bciowa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15-70<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n49<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n65<\/td>\n64<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80-100<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n64<\/td>\n62<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110-120<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n63<\/td>\n61<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tabela 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00d8<\/td>\nGrupa<\/td>\nW\u0119giel, %<\/td>\nR\u00f3wnowa\u017cnik, %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
 <\/p>\n

15-60<\/td>\n

1,2<\/td>\n0,40<\/td>\n0,50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3,4,5<\/td>\n0,60<\/td>\n0,75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
70-120<\/td>\n1,2<\/td>\n0,60<\/td>\n0,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3,4<\/td>\n0,60<\/td>\n0,75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n0,65<\/td>\n0,80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ponadto kule z 2., 3. i 4. grupy mog\u0105 by\u0107 wytwarzane ze stali zgodnie z GOST 5950.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

Punkt 5<\/strong><\/p>\n

Twardo\u015b\u0107, Tabela 2<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00d8<\/td>\nGrupa twardo\u015bci<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\n2<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Twardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\n\u00bd R<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 powierzchniowa<\/td>\nTwardo\u015b\u0107 obj\u0119to\u015bciowa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15-45<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n49<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n55<\/td>\n45<\/td>\n61<\/td>\n57<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
50-70<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n53<\/td>\n53<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80-100<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n42<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n52<\/td>\n40<\/td>\n58<\/td>\n48<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
110-120<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n38<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n50<\/td>\n35<\/td>\n56<\/td>\n43<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Nale\u017cy stosowa\u0107 t\u0119 sam\u0105 metod\u0119 bada\u0144 do kontroli twardo\u015bci pomi\u0119dzy producentem a odbiorc\u0105.<\/p>\n

Tabela 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00d8<\/td>\nGrupa<\/td>\nW\u0119giel, %<\/td>\nR\u00f3wnowa\u017cnik, %<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15-55<\/td>\n1,2<\/td>\n0,40<\/td>\n0,50<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/td>\n <\/p>\n

0,60<\/td>\n

0,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4,5<\/td>\n0,75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
60-70<\/td>\n1,2<\/td>\n0,50<\/td>\n0,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3,4<\/td>\n <\/p>\n

0,60<\/td>\n

0,75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n0,80<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
80-120<\/td>\n1,2<\/td>\n0,50<\/td>\n0,70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3,4<\/td>\n <\/p>\n

0,60<\/td>\n

0,75<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/td>\n0,85<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Punkt 5.1.6. Kule mog\u0105 by\u0107 wytwarzane ze stali zgodnie z DSTU 3953 (GOST 5950) oraz GOST 14959<\/p>\n

Punkt 5.1.8 Kule z 4. i 5. grupy twardo\u015bci mog\u0105 by\u0107 dostarczane z kontrol\u0105 odporno\u015bci na uderzenia na podstawie uzgodnie\u0144 mi\u0119dzy odbiorc\u0105 a producentem. Procedur\u0119 kontroli odporno\u015bci na uderzenia przeprowadza producent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

3. ZASADY ODBIORU<\/strong><\/td>\nDSTU 3499-97<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kontrola powt\u00f3rna dopuszcza dwie kule miel\u0105ce, kt\u00f3re nie spe\u0142niaj\u0105 wymaga\u0144 twardo\u015bci.<\/p>\n

Wybra\u0107 3 kule z co dwudziestej partii jako pr\u00f3bki do kontroli twardo\u015bci grup 5 i 4<\/p>\n

DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

Punkt 8<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dokument jako\u015bci musi zawiera\u0107 informacje o:<\/p>\n

* Masie wysy\u0142anych wyrob\u00f3w<\/p>\n

Wybra\u0107 2 kule z ka\u017cdej partii jako pr\u00f3bki do kontroli twardo\u015bci grup 5 i 4<\/p>\n

Punkt 8 4. Sk\u0142ad chemiczny stali okre\u015bla si\u0119 w ramach kontroli wej\u015bciowej k\u0119sa stalowego lub na podstawie analizy wytopu. Sk\u0142ad chemiczny stali nie jest kontrolowany dla kul miel\u0105cych.<\/p>\n

Punkt 8 5. Ilo\u015b\u0107 kul oraz zasady odbioru okre\u015bla metoda producenta w ramach kontroli odporno\u015bci na uderzenia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

4. METODY KONTROLI<\/strong><\/td>\nDSTU 8538:2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

Punkt 9<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dodano<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

Punkt 9.3.2.1. Technologia ci\u0119cia kuli miel\u0105cej musi wyklucza\u0107 jej \u043d\u0430\u0433rzewanie powy\u017cej 100 \u00b0C, aby unikn\u0105\u0107 zniekszta\u0142ce\u0144 pomiar\u00f3w twardo\u015bci<\/p>\n

Punkt 9.5 Badania kontrolne odporno\u015bci na uderzenia kul miel\u0105cych przeprowadza si\u0119 zgodnie z procedur\u0105 producenta.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tabela pokazuje, \u017ce w zaktualizowanym standardzie jako\u015bci pojawi\u0142o si\u0119 poj\u0119cie odporno\u015bci na uderzenia<\/strong>, kt\u00f3re ma kluczowe znaczenie w produkcji kul miel\u0105cych. Sprawdzanie kul miel\u0105cych pod k\u0105tem odporno\u015bci na uderzenia zapewnia ich u\u017cytkowanie bez ryzyka p\u0119kania, co w przeciwnym razie prowadzi do zwi\u0119kszenia jednostkowego zu\u017cycia kul, pogorszenia jako\u015bci mielenia, zapychania ruszt\u00f3w oraz nacinania gumowej wyk\u0142adziny m\u0142yna.<\/p>\n

Jednocze\u015bnie DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong> zawiera mniej rygorystyczne wymagania jako\u015bciowe dla kul 5. grupy twardo\u015bci<\/strong>, poniewa\u017c w Ukrainie jedynie specjali\u015bci firmy \u201eEnergosteel\u201d byli w stanie spe\u0142ni\u0107 wymagania starego standardu DSTU 3499-97<\/strong> dla kul 5. grupy twardo\u015bci.<\/p>\n

W odniesieniu do stosowania wymaga\u0144 nowego DSTU powstaje sytuacja niejednoznaczna z nast\u0119puj\u0105cych powod\u00f3w:<\/p>\n

Po pierwsze, DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong> jest norm\u0105 krajow\u0105. Jak wiadomo, normy krajowe maj\u0105 charakter dobrowolny<\/strong> i s\u0105 stosowane wy\u0142\u0105cznie poprzez odniesienie do nowego DSTU w umowach (w tym umowach handlowych, specyfikacjach) oraz w certyfikatach jako\u015bci przy znakowaniu wyrob\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Po drugie, DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong> zosta\u0142 zatwierdzony zarz\u0105dzeniem Pa\u0144stwowego Przedsi\u0119biorstwa \u201eUkrNDNC\u201d, a nie ustaw\u0105 Ukrainy, ani aktem Gabinetu Ministr\u00f3w Ukrainy czy centralnego organu w\u0142adzy wykonawczej. Oznacza to, \u017ce nowy standard nie ma statusu regulacji technicznej<\/strong>, a w zwi\u0105zku z tym zgodno\u015b\u0107 wyrob\u00f3w z jego wymaganiami nie podlega pa\u0144stwowemu nadzorowi rynkowemu.<\/p>\n

Bior\u0105c pod uwag\u0119 powy\u017csze, wyb\u00f3r standardu DSTU do dostaw kul miel\u0105cych zale\u017cy od wymaga\u0144 odbiorcy<\/strong> oraz mo\u017cliwo\u015bci producenta<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

W zwi\u0105zku z tym firma \u201eEnergosteel\u201d ma mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 produkcji i dostaw stalowych kul miel\u0105cych zar\u00f3wno zgodnie ze starym standardem DSTU 3499-97<\/strong>, jak i nowym DSTU 8538:2015<\/strong>, w zale\u017cno\u015bci od potrzeb klienta, poniewa\u017c technologia produkcji oraz wyposa\u017cenie firmy \u201eEnergosteel\u201d pozwalaj\u0105 na wytwarzanie kul miel\u0105cych 5. grupy twardo\u015bci zar\u00f3wno przy bardziej rygorystycznych, jak i mniej rygorystycznych wymaganiach jako\u015bciowych dla stalowych kul miel\u0105cych do m\u0142yn\u00f3w kulowych.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Z dniem 01.07.2016 wszed\u0142 w \u017cycie nowy standard reguluj\u0105cy jako\u015b\u0107 kul miel\u0105cych \u2014 DSTU 8538:2015. Aby zrozumie\u0107, jak zmieni\u0142y si\u0119 wymagania dotycz\u0105ce produkcji kul miel\u0105cych, zdecydowali\u015bmy [\u2026]<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":10460,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[172,169],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10458","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arhiv","category-kontrola-jakosci"],"yoast_head":"\nNormy jako\u015bci stalowych kul miel\u0105cych. 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